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On July 14, the Law 15/2022, of July 12, came into effect. This law aspires to be the backbone of anti-discrimination law in our country, extensively developing various fields of action derived from Article 14 of the Constitution, which aims to guarantee and promote the right to equal treatment and non-discrimination of people.

There are few legal terms as casually used as these two. Not surprisingly, they are often incorporated as "almost-standard" clauses in thousands of sales contracts, without realizing the legal and economic consequences that the inclusion of one term or the other may entail for the signatories.

When initiating an economic activity, one of the aspects to consider is the most appropriate legal form for the activity we intend to carry out. If ours is a shared project, and we want the people involved to be able to vote and decide on the decisions taken, based on the principle of one person, one vote, then the most fitting formula is likely to be a cooperative. Cooperativism is the social economy formula with the most weight and tradition in Catalunya. As of December 2021, there were a total of 4,521 cooperatives in Catalunya, employing 45,417 people, with a combined turnover of 4.5 million euros.

Recently at Grup Carles, we renewed the Seal Aquí Assessorem l’Economia Social (Here We Advise the Social Economy), which certifies that we have undergone specific training in the social and solidarity economy. This training allows us to achieve fiscal, labor, and legal specialization in the cooperative model and certifies that we know, work with, and are networked with the cooperative movement and public administrations.

Yes, debts are not for life; debts can be canceled, and a fresh start can be made.

The second chance has been in force since 2013 for individual entrepreneurs and since 2015 for any non-entrepreneurial individual. It may not be, from a technical point of view, and in my opinion, the best possible second chance law, but it is a law that allows for the exoneration of debts, and that is what is important. The law must be useful and functional, and for this reason, it must be utilized so that thousands of over-indebted, insolvent individuals can achieve the exoneration of their debts and start again as active members of society.

Inspired by the European movement for nature education, forest schools advocate a pedagogical project working to promote the foundations of an outdoor pedagogical proposal. An innovative model of regulated education for students aged 3 to 6, offering the opportunity to transfer the classroom to the forest so that children can learn in direct contact with nature and the environment.

Until 2015, legal entities (limited or public companies, political parties, associations, etc.) could not be subject to criminal liability. In other words, they could not be convicted for committing a crime. This changed with the reform of the Penal Code, which opened the door for certain crimes to be directly attributed to the legal entity, in addition to the natural person who committed the criminal act within the organization.

The European Court has responded to the questions raised by the Barcelona Court of Appeal in the sense of specifying the time limit applicable to the claim for mortgage expenses.